Documentation

    Table of Content
    • 3D File Formats
      • 3D File Formats
      • 3D2
      • 3DM
      • 3DS
      • 3DS to DAE
      • 3DS to DWG
      • 3DS to FBX
      • 3DS to GLB
      • 3DS to GLTF
      • 3DS to OBJ
      • 3DS to PDF
      • 3DS to PLY
      • 3DS to STL
      • 3DS to USDZ
      • 3MF
      • 3MF to 3DS
      • 3MF to DAE
      • 3MF to GLB
      • 3MF to HTML
      • 3MF to OBJ
      • 3MF to STL
      • 3MF to U3D
      • AC
      • AMF
      • ASE
      • B3D
      • BHV
      • BIP
      • BLEND
      • C4D
      • CAF Cal3D
      • CHR 3ds
      • CHR CryENGINE
      • DAE
      • DBM
      • DRC
      • E57
      • F3D
      • FBX
      • FBX to 3DS
      • FBX to DAE
      • FBX to DWG
      • FBX to GLB
      • FBX to GLTF
      • FBX to OBJ
      • FBX to PLY
      • FBX to STL
      • FBX to USDZ
      • FBX to XLSX
      • GLB
      • GLB to 3DS
      • GLB to DAE
      • GLB to FBX
      • GLB to GLTF
      • GLB to HTML
      • GLB to OBJ
      • GLB to PDF
      • GLB to STL
      • GLB to USDZ
      • GLTF
      • IPT
      • JT
      • MA
      • MAX
      • MB
      • MDX
      • MP
      • MTL
      • OBJ
      • PLY
      • POV
      • PRC
      • RVM
      • SMD
      • STEP
      • STP
      • U3D
      • USD
      • USDZ
      • VRML
      • X
      • X3D
    • Audio File Formats
      • Audio File Formats
      • 8SVX
      • AA
      • AAC
      • AAX
      • AC3
      • ACT
      • AIF
      • AIFF
      • ALAC
      • AMR
      • APE
      • CAF
      • CDA
      • CDR
      • DSS
      • EC3
      • EFS
      • ENC
      • FLAC
      • FLP
      • GP
      • GSM
      • IT
      • M3U
      • M3U8
      • M4A
      • M4B
      • M4P
      • M4R
      • MID
      • MKA
      • MMF
      • MOD
      • MP2
      • MP3
      • MPC
      • MSCZ
      • MTM
      • MUI
      • MUS
      • MUS Minecraft
      • MUSX
      • MXL
      • NSA
      • OGG
      • OPUS
      • PKF
      • PTX
      • QCP
      • RA
      • RF64
      • RIP
      • SDT
      • SESX
      • SF2
      • STAP
      • STY
      • TG
      • VOC
      • VOX
      • VQF
      • WAV
      • WEBA
      • WFP
      • WMA
      • WPL
      • WPROJ
      • WV
    • CAD File Formats
      • CAD File Formats
      • AFS
      • ART
      • ASC
      • ASM
      • AXM
      • BDC
      • CATPART
      • CF2
      • CIR
      • CPA
      • DC3
      • DGN
      • DST
      • DWF
      • DWFX
      • DWG
      • DWT
      • DXB
      • DXF
      • FZP
      • FZZ
      • GCODE
      • HPGL
      • IBA
      • IFC
      • IGES
      • IGS
      • JVSG
      • NC
      • NWC
      • NWD
      • NWF
      • OPT
      • PAR
      • PAT
      • PC3
      • PHJ
      • PLT
      • PRT
      • PRT CADKEY
      • PSM
      • PSS
      • RFA
      • RFT
      • RML
      • RVT
      • SLDDRW
      • SLDPRT
      • STL
    • Compression File Formats
      • Compression File Formats
      • 7Z
      • ACE
      • ALZ
      • APK
      • APZ
      • ARC
      • ARJ
      • B1
      • B6Z
      • BIN
      • BKF
      • BNDL
      • BZ2
      • CB7
      • CBA
      • CIT
      • CPIO
      • CXARCHIVE
      • DAA
      • DAR
      • DEB
      • DMG
      • DZ
      • ECS
      • FZPZ
      • GZ
      • GZIP
      • ICE
      • ISO
      • KGB
      • LBR
      • LQR
      • LZ
      • LZ4
      • LZH
      • LZMA
      • LZO
      • LZX
      • MBW
      • MINT
      • MPKG
      • MPQ
      • NPK
      • OAR
      • P7Z
      • PAGES
      • PAR
      • PEA
      • PET
      • PF
      • PKG
      • PTK
      • PUP
      • PWA
      • PZZ
      • R2
      • RAR
      • RPM
      • RTE
      • S00
      • SDOCX
      • SFG
      • SIFZ
      • SIT
      • SITX
      • SMPF
      • SQX
      • SY_
      • TAR
      • TBZ
      • TGS
      • TGZ
      • TPSR
      • TZ
      • VPK
      • WHL
      • WUX
      • XAPK
      • XAR
      • XIP
      • XPI
      • XZ
      • Z
      • ZIM
      • ZIP
      • ZIPX
      • ZL
      • ZOO
      • ZST
    • Data File Formats
      • Data File Formats
      • BRD
      • CBZ
      • CDR
      • CDX
      • CDX ChemDraw
      • CS
      • CUBE
      • DLC
      • ENC
      • ESX
      • FIG
      • GB
      • GED
      • INK
      • IO
      • IP
      • MPJ
      • NDS
      • OUT
      • PCB
      • PRT
      • QDF
      • SAFETENSORS
      • SPS
      • STR
      • TGC
      • TIME
      • TRF
      • VCE
      • VCS
      • VDF
      • XDELTA
    • Database
      • Database File Formats
      • 4DB
      • 4DD
      • 4DL
      • ABCDDB
      • ABS
      • ABX
      • ACCDB
      • ACCDC
      • ACCDE
      • ACCDR
      • ACCDT
      • ACCDW
      • ACCFT
      • ADB
      • ADE
      • ADF
      • ADN
      • ADP
      • ALF
      • ANB
      • AQ
      • ASK
      • BAK
      • BAK ACT Backup
      • BAK SQL Server
      • BC3
      • BCP
      • BTR
      • CAF
      • CAT
      • CDB
      • CHCK
      • CRYPT10
      • CRYPT12
      • CRYPT13
      • CRYPT14
      • CRYPT15
      • DACPAC
      • DAT
      • DB
      • DB-WAL
      • DB3
      • DBC
      • DBF
      • DBS
      • DDL
      • DLIS
      • DSN
      • DTSX
      • DXL
      • ECO
      • EPIM
      • FDB
      • FIC
      • FMP12
      • FMPSL
      • FP5
      • FP7
      • FPT
      • FPT Alpha Five
      • FPT FoxPro
      • GDB
      • ITW
      • JET
      • LDF
      • LOG
      • MDB
      • MDF
      • MYI
      • NDF
      • NMONEY
      • NSF
      • NWDB
      • PAN
      • PDB
      • PDM
      • RPD
      • RPD Roleplay
      • SAV
      • SDF
      • SQL
      • SQLITE
      • TE
      • TEACHER
      • TRC
      • TRM
      • TVDB
      • UDB
      • UDL
      • USR
      • WDB
      • XEM
    • Disc and Media
      • Disc and Media File Formats
      • BIN
      • CCD
      • CDR
      • CSO
      • CUE
      • CUE CDRWIN
      • ECM
      • GADGET
      • IMG
      • ISZ
      • MDF
      • MDS
      • NKIT
      • NRG
      • NRI
      • OVA
      • OVF
      • ROM
      • SDI
      • TIB
      • Toast
      • UDF
      • VCD
      • VDI
      • VHD
      • VHDX
      • WBFS
      • WIM
      • WUD
    • EBook File Formats
      • EBook File Formats
      • ACSM
      • AEP
      • APNX
      • AVA
      • AZW
      • AZW1
      • AZW3
      • AZW4
      • BKK
      • BPNUEB
      • CBC
      • CBR
      • CBZ
      • CEB
      • CEBX
      • DNL
      • EA
      • EAL
      • EBK
      • EDN
      • EPUB
      • ETD
      • FB2
      • FKB
      • HAN
      • HTML0
      • HTMLZ
      • HTXT
      • HTZ4
      • HTZ5
      • IBOOKS
      • JWPUB
      • KFX
      • KOOB
      • LIT
      • LRF
      • LRS
      • LRX
      • MART
      • MBP
      • MOBI
      • NCX
      • NVA
      • OEB
      • OEBZIP
      • OPF
      • ORB
      • PHL
      • PML
      • PMLZ
      • POBI
      • PRC
      • QMK
      • RB
      • RZB
      • RZS
      • SNB
      • TCR
      • TK3
      • TPZ
      • TR
      • TR3
      • VBK
      • WEBZ
      • YBK
    • Email File Formats
      • Email File Formats
      • EDB
      • EML
      • EMLX
      • ICS
      • MBOX
      • MSG
      • OFT
      • OLM
      • OST
      • P7S
      • PST
      • RPMSG
      • TNEF
      • VCF
    • Executable
      • Executable File Formats
      • 8CK
      • AC
      • AHK
      • AIR
      • APP
      • BAT
      • BIN
      • BMS
      • BTAPP
      • CGI
      • CHEAT
      • CMD
      • COM
      • ELF
      • EXE
      • IPA
      • JSF
      • MLX
      • MSI
      • MST
      • OUT
      • PIF
      • PS1
      • PYC
      • REG
      • RUN
      • WS
      • WSF
      • WSH
      • XAP
      • XBE
      • XEX
    • Finance
      • Finance File Formats
      • ABA
      • IXBRL
      • OFX
      • XBRL
    • Font
      • Font File Formats
      • BDF
      • CFF
      • CFF2
      • CHR
      • EOT
      • ETX
      • FNT
      • FON
      • FOT
      • GXF
      • JFPROJ
      • MFX
      • ODTTF
      • OTF
      • PFA
      • PFB
      • PFM
      • SFD
      • TTC
      • TTF
      • Type1
      • VFB
      • VLW
      • WOFF
      • WOFF2
    • Game File Formats
      • Game File Formats
      • 3DSX
      • ASS
      • ASSET
      • BAK TERRARIA
      • BIN
      • BIN PCSX
      • BMZ
      • BNS
      • BO2
      • BPS
      • BSP
      • CFG M.U.G.E.N
      • CFG Source Engine
      • CFG Wesnoth
      • CHR Doki
      • CLIP
      • CON
      • CS CLEO
      • CSD
      • CT
      • DDT
      • DEK
      • DSV
      • ENC
      • EPK
      • ESP
      • FOMOD
      • GAM
      • GB
      • GBX
      • GCF
      • GMA
      • IPS
      • IPS PS2
      • KODU
      • LANG
      • LITEMOD
      • MAP
      • MCA
      • MCPACK
      • MCR
      • MCSTRUCTURE
      • MCWORLD
      • META
      • MGX
      • MII
      • MIS
      • N64
      • NBT
      • NDS
      • NES
      • NPA
      • NSP
      • NSZ
      • OSB
      • OSK
      • OSR
      • OSU
      • OSZ
      • P3T
      • PAK
      • PAR
      • PCC
      • PCK
      • PGN
      • PK3
      • PPF
      • PSS
      • PUP
      • PWF
      • PXP
      • REL
      • REP
      • RPF
      • RPX
      • RPY
      • RPYC
      • RVZ
      • SAV
      • SCWORLD
      • SFAR
      • SFC
      • SHADER Godot
      • SHADER Quake
      • SHADER Unity
      • SID
      • SIMS3PACK
      • SMC
      • SRM
      • TTR
      • TXD
      • U8
      • UASSET
      • UMX
      • Unity3D
      • UNITYPACKAGE
      • UPS
      • USX
      • VDF
      • VDF Gothic
      • VMF
      • VPK
      • VRCA
      • VRCW
      • W3N
      • W3X
      • XCI
      • XS
      • Z64
    • GIS File Formats
      • GIS File Formats
      • 000
      • 3D
      • 3DC
      • 3DD
      • 3DL
      • ADF
      • APL
      • APR
      • ATX
      • AUX
      • AVL
      • AXE
      • BT
      • CSF
      • CXF
      • DEM
      • DIV
      • DIX
      • DLG
      • DT0
      • DT1
      • DT2
      • E00
      • EMBR
      • ETA
      • FIT
      • FMW
      • GeoJSON
      • GLB
      • GMAP
      • GML
      • GPKG
      • GPX
      • GSM
      • GST
      • HDR
      • IMG
      • KML
      • KMZ
      • LAN
      • LAS
      • LAZ
      • LOC
      • MID
      • MIF
      • MPK
      • MPS
      • MSD
      • MXD
      • MXT
      • NM2
      • NMC
      • NTF
      • OSC
      • OSM
      • PMF
      • PTM
      • QGD
      • QGS
      • QGZ
      • QLR
      • QML
      • SAF
      • SBN
      • SDF
      • SHP
      • SHX
      • SP3
      • SSF
      • TCX
      • TFRD
      • USR
      • WLX
      • WOR
    • Image File Formats
      • Image File Formats
      • AFPHOTO
      • AFX
      • AGIF
      • AGP
      • AI
      • APM
      • APNG
      • ART
      • ARW
      • AVIF
      • BAY
      • BIF
      • BMP
      • BPG
      • CDR
      • CDX
      • CLIP
      • CMX
      • CPC
      • CR2
      • CR3
      • CSL
      • CT
      • CUR
      • DCM
      • DCR
      • DCX
      • DDS
      • DIB
      • DICOM
      • DJVU
      • DNG
      • ECW
      • EMF
      • EMZ
      • EXIF
      • FIG
      • FLIF
      • FODG
      • GBR
      • GIF
      • HDR
      • HEIC
      • HEIF
      • ICNS
      • ICO
      • INK
      • J2C
      • J2K
      • JFIF
      • JP2
      • JPC
      • JPEG
      • JPF
      • JPG_LARGE
      • JPM
      • JPX
      • JXL
      • JXR
      • MIX
      • MNG
      • MP
      • MPO
      • NEF
      • ODG
      • OTG
      • PAT CorelDRAW
      • PAT Pattern
      • PCT
      • PCX
      • PDN
      • PEF
      • PICT
      • PNG
      • PNJ
      • PPF
      • PPP
      • PSB
      • PSD
      • PSP
      • PSPIMAGE
      • PVT
      • QTIF
      • RAF
      • RAW
      • RPF
      • SKP
      • SPP
      • SVGZ
      • SVS
      • TGA
      • THM
      • TIFF
      • WEBP
      • WMF
      • WMZ
      • XPM
      • XPR
    • Misc File Formats
      • Misc File Formats
      • AML
      • ART
      • BAK Backup
      • BAK Chromium Bookmarks
      • BAK Finale
      • BAK MobileTrans
      • BAK VEGAS Video
      • BKUP
      • BPS Malware
      • BPS Works
      • BUP
      • CFG Cal3D
      • CMS
      • CRX
      • CTG
      • DAP
      • DOWNLOADING
      • ENC
      • ENL
      • ERR
      • FIG
      • FILE
      • FLA
      • GPG
      • H4
      • H5
      • ICA
      • IPS
      • IPSW
      • ISN
      • KLQ
      • LDB
      • LIC
      • LOCK
      • LRC
      • MABK
      • MD5
      • MEDIA FILES
      • MSO
      • NOMEDIA
      • OBB
      • ODF
      • OGG
      • PACKAGE
      • PDO
      • PES
      • PFX
      • PKPASS
      • PS2 BIOS
      • PSX BIOS
      • RDF
      • RIS
      • RML
      • SFV
      • SHELL SCRIPT
      • SSP
      • TEXT FORMATS
      • THM
      • TORRENT
      • USR
      • VIDEO CONVERTER
      • VIM
      • VIMRC
      • XMDX
      • XMP
      • XMZX
      • XSMX
    • Note Taking File Formats
      • Note Taking File Formats
      • ONE
      • ONETOC2
    • Page Description Language
      • Page Description Language
      • AVERY
      • CGM
      • EPS
      • INDD
      • INDT
      • OXPS
      • PCL
      • PS
      • SVG
      • SWF
      • TEX
      • XPS
      • XSLFO
    • PDF
      • PDF
      • Download PDFs
      • FDF
      • PDF/A
      • PDF/E
      • PDF/UA
      • PDF/VT
      • PDF/X
      • XFDF
    • Plugin File Formats
      • Plugin File Formats
      • 8BI8
      • ACROPLUGIN
      • AMX
      • AMXX
      • APLG
      • AVX
      • BAV
      • CCIP
      • CLEO
      • CMP
      • CRX
      • DLO
      • DLR
      • EAZ
      • ECF
      • INX
      • LNG
      • MDA
      • MDE
      • MILK
      • OIV
      • Q1Q
      • RBZ
      • REZ
      • RPLN
      • RWPLUGIN
      • SPARC
      • TGP
      • TPI
      • VDF
      • ZXP
    • Presentation File Formats
      • Presentation File Formats
      • Download Presentations
      • KEY
      • ODP
      • OTP
      • POT
      • POTM
      • POTX
      • PPS
      • PPSM
      • PPSX
      • PPT
      • PPTM
      • PPTX
    • Programming
      • Programming
      • 4th
      • ABC
      • ACD
      • ADDIN
      • ADS
      • AGI
      • AIA
      • AIDL
      • ALB
      • AML
      • ANE
      • APA
      • APKS
      • APPX
      • APPXBUNDLE
      • APPXUPLOAD
      • APS
      • ARSC
      • AS
      • AS2PROJ
      • AS3PROJ
      • ASC
      • ASI
      • ASM
      • ASVF
      • AU3
      • AWK
      • C
      • C3
      • CAF CryENGINE
      • CC
      • CD
      • CDX
      • CJS
      • Class
      • CMAKE
      • CONFIG
      • CPP
      • CR
      • CS
      • CSPROJ
      • CSX
      • CXX
      • Dart
      • DEP
      • DIFF
      • EGG
      • ERB
      • EX
      • EXP
      • F95
      • FS
      • G4
      • GMD
      • GO
      • GROOVY
      • H
      • HAML
      • HH
      • HPP
      • HS
      • HTA
      • ICI
      • IN
      • INC
      • INO
      • IPR
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      • Jav
      • Java
      • JRXML
      • JSP
      • JSPF
      • KT
      • LGO
      • LUA
      • M
      • MAKE
      • MEL
      • MF
      • ML
      • MM
      • MRC
      • MSIX
      • NUPKG
      • NUT
      • NX
      • PAS
      • PC
      • PDB
      • PDE
      • PHP
      • PL
      • PY
      • PYD
      • PYI
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      • PYW
      • PYX
      • R
      • RB
      • RBXL
      • RBXM
      • RES
      • RS
      • RST
      • SB3
      • SCALA
      • SCM
      • SCRIPT
      • SH
      • SLN
      • SO
      • SWIFT
      • TCL
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      • UNITY
      • VB
      • VBPROJ
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    • Project Management File Formats
      • Project Management File Formats
      • MPP
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      • MPX
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    • Publisher File Formats
      • Publisher File Formats
      • PUB
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    • Reporting
      • Reporting File Formats
      • MAR
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      • RPL
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    • Settings File Formats
      • Settings File Formats
      • ACO
      • ASL
      • BAK HOLO
      • BIN
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      • CFG LightWave
      • CFG MAME
      • CMP
      • CNF
      • CONF
      • DESKTOP
      • DSD
      • FLIPANIM
      • FST
      • GXT
      • ISS
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      • MLT
      • OBI
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      • OVPN
      • PMP
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      • SBV
      • SET
      • SETTINGS
      • THEME
      • THEMEPACK
      • TPF
      • VMX
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    • Spreadsheet File Formats
      • Spreadsheet File Formats
      • 123
      • 12M
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      • AST
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      • ODS
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      • PMD
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      • QPW
      • SDC
      • STC
      • SXC
      • TMV
      • TMVT
      • TSV
      • WQ2
      • XAR
      • XL
      • XLA
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      • XLM
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      • XLS
      • XLSB
      • XLSM
      • XLSMHTML
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      • XLT
      • XLTHTML
      • XLTM
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    • System File Formats
      • System File Formats
      • 1
      • ADM
      • ADMX
      • AML
      • ANI
      • ASV
      • CAB
      • CAT
      • CFG
      • CPG
      • CPI
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    1. Home
    2. 3D File Formats
    3. PLY

    What's on this Page

      • What is a PLY file?
      • Brief History
      • PLY File Format
        • File Structure
      • References

    What is a PLY file?

    PLY, Polygon File Format, represents 3D file format that stores graphical objects described as a collection of polygons. The purpose of this file format was to establish a simple and easy file type that is general enough to be useful for a wide range of models. PLY file format comes as ASCII as well as Binary format for compact storage and for rapid saving and loading. The file format is used by different applications that provide support for 3D files reading.

    Objects in a PLY format are described by a collection of vertices, faces and other elements, along with properties such as colour and normal direction that can be attached to these elements. Other properties that can also be stored with the object include:

    • Surface normals
    • texture coordinates
    • transparency
    • range data confidence
    • properties for the front and back of a polygon

    An object represented by PLY format can be the result of various sources such as hand-digitized objects, polygon objects from modelling applications, range data, triangles from marching cubes, terain data and radiosity models.

    Brief History

    The PLY format was developed in in 1990’s by Greg Turk and others in the Stanford graphics lab and that is why it is also known as Stanford Triangle Format. The file format has version 1.0 since then and no further modifications were done.

    PLY File Format

    A simple PLY object consists of collection of elements for representation of the object. It consists of a list of (x,y,z) triples of a vertices and a list of faces that are actually indices into the list of vertices. Vertices and faces are two examples of elements and majority of the PLY file consists of these two elements. New properties can also be created and attached to the elements of an object, but these should be added in such a way that old programs do not break when these new properties are encountered. Such properties can be discarded by reading applications as well. Moreover, new elements can be created and properties can be defined with this element  as well.

    File Structure

    The file structure of a PLY file format is as follow:

    Field
    File Header
    Vertex List
    Face List
    List of other elements

    Example Structure

    We will use the following example below in our subsequent discussion for various parts of a PLY file format.

    ply
    format ascii 1.0           { ascii/binary, format version number }
    comment made by Greg Turk  { comments keyword specified, like all lines }
    comment this file is a cube
    element vertex 8           { define "vertex" element, 8 of them in file }
    property float x           { vertex contains float "x" coordinate }
    property float y           { y coordinate is also a vertex property }
    property float z           { z coordinate, too }
    element face 6             { there are 6 "face" elements in the file }
    property list uchar int vertex_index { "vertex_indices" is a list of ints }
    end_header                 { delimits the end of the header }
    0 0 0                      { start of vertex list }
    0 0 1
    0 1 1
    0 1 0
    1 0 0
    1 0 1
    1 1 1
    1 1 0
    4 0 1 2 3                  { start of face list }
    4 7 6 5 4
    4 0 4 5 1
    4 1 5 6 2
    4 2 6 7 3
    4 3 7 4 0
    

    File Header

    PLY file format header consists of ASCII text for both the ASCII as well as the binary format.  The start and end of header section is identified by ply and end-header keywords. The start of header has the magic word ply which is used for recognition of PLY file format by readers. The next line shows the version number for this file. Comments in a PLY file format start with comment keyword at the start of each comment line.

    Element Keyword

    The element keyword then tells what’s inside the file. It is followed by properties for that specific element type where each property has its property type and order specified as shown below:

    element vertex 8           { define "vertex" element, 8 of them in file }
    property float x           { vertex contains float "x" coordinate }
    property float y           { y coordinate is also a vertex property }
    property float z           { z coordinate, too }
    

    In this particular example, the specific vertex element has 3 properties of type float with their order specified.

    Types of Data Types

    There are two type of data types that a property may have.

    Scalar: The scalar data types are as shown below:

    |#Name|#Type|#Number of Bytes |char|character|1 |uchar|unsigned character|1 |short|short integer|2 |ushort|unsigned short integer|2 |int|Integer|4 |uint|unsigned Integer|4 |float|single-precision float|4 |double|double precision float|8

    List: There is a special form of property definitions that uses the list data type. An example of this is from the cube file above:

    property list uchar int vertex_index

    This means that the property “vertex_index” contains first an unsigned char telling how many indices the property contains, followed by a list containing that many integers. Each integer in this variable-length list is an index to a vertex.

    References

    • PLY File Format
    • PLY - By Wikipedia

    See Also

    • AVIF File Format
    • RA File Format
    • KT File Format
    • RM File Format
    • RV File Format
     
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